Multiple+Intelligence

[|Here] is part of the book that originally published this concept: The explanation starts on page 6, but the individual intelligences are elaborated on starting on page 8. The original 7 intelligences are:
 * musical
 * bodily-kinesthetic
 * logical-mathematical
 * linguistic
 * spatial
 * **inter**personal
 * **intra**personal


 * **musical:** people with musical intelligence often understand pitch, ton, rhythm, and other types of music theory. Because they are able to pick up on pitch, they often are able to sing and play instruments successfully.
 * **bodily-kinesthetic:** people with this intelligence are able to handle objects well and are well aware of their bodily motions. Physical activities may come natural to them because they learn better by muscular movement.
 * **logical-mathematical**: this is the ability to be able to reason and to understand numbers. People with this intelligence usually excel in math and scientific investigation.
 * **linguistic/verbal**: the ability to understand people on their level, and to express verbally with language what is on your mind.
 * **spatial**: the ability to visualize concepts and images in the mind. A person with spatial intelligence may be an artist or an architect.
 * **interpersonal:** this is the ability to be sensitive to others around you. People's moods, feelings, and temperaments are easily seen. A person who has an interpersonal intelligence is sometimes characterized as an extrovert and are empathetic towards others.
 * **intra****personal**: this intelligence is more of an introverted personality. They are able to understand their own feelings as well as personal strengths and weaknesses.

  The theory of multiple intelligences was developed in 1983 by Dr. Howard Gardner, professor of education at Harvard University. It suggests that the traditional notion of intelligence, based on I.Q. testing, is far too limited. Instead, Dr. Gardner proposes eight different intelligences to account for a broader range of human potential in children and adults. These intelligences are:
 * **Linguistic intelligence** ("word smart")
 * **Logical-mathematical intelligence** ("number/reasoning smart")
 * **Spatial intelligence** ("picture smart")
 * **Bodily-Kinesthetic intelligence** ("body smart")
 * **Musical intelligence** ("music smart")
 * **Interpersonal intelligence** ("people smart")
 * **Intrapersonal intelligence** ("self smart")
 * **Naturalist intelligence** ("nature smart")

Dr. Gardner says that our schools and culture focus most of their attention on linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligence. We esteem the highly articulate or logical people of our culture. However, Dr. Gardner says that we should also place equal attention on individuals who show gifts in the other intelligences: the artists, architects, musicians, naturalists, designers, dancers, therapists, entrepreneurs, and others who enrich the world in which we live. Unfortunately, many children who have these gifts don’t receive much reinforcement for them in school. Many of these kids, in fact, end up being labeled "learning disabled," "ADD (attention deficit disorder," or simply underachievers, when their unique ways of thinking and learning aren’t addressed by a heavily linguistic or logical-mathematical classroom. The theory of multiple intelligences proposes a major transformation in the way our schools are run. It suggests that teachers be trained to present their lessons in a wide variety of ways using music, cooperative learning, art activities, role play, multimedia, field trips, inner reflection, and much more (see [|Multiple Intelligences in the Classroom] ). The good news is that the theory of multiple intelligences has grabbed the attention of many educators around the country, and hundreds of schools are currently using its philosophy to redesign the way it educates children. The bad news is that there are thousands of schools still out there that teach in the same old dull way, through dry lectures, and boring worksheets and textbooks. The challenge is to get this information out to many more teachers, school administrators, and others who work with children, so that each child has the opportunity to learn in ways harmonious with their unique minds (see [|In Their Own Way] ). The theory of multiple intelligences also has strong implications for adult learning and development. Many adults find themselves in jobs that do not make optimal use of their most highly developed intelligences (for example, the highly bodily-kinesthetic individual who is stuck in a linguistic or logical desk-job when he or she would be much happier in a job where they could move around, such as a recreational leader, a forest ranger, or physical therapist). The theory of multiple intelligences gives adults a whole new way to look at their lives, examining potentials that they left behind in their childhood (such as a love for art or drama) but now have the opportunity to develop through courses, hobbies, or other programs of self-development (see [|7 Kinds of Smart] ).

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Each of the Multiple Intelligence categories are grouped into what we call learning styles. Those are Visual, Auditory, and TActile/kinesthetic Learners.

 What are the ?  //learn through seeing// ... .       These learners need to see the teacher's body language and facial expression to fully understand the content of a lesson. They tend to prefer sitting at the front of the classroom to avoid visual obstructions (e.g. people's heads). They may think in pictures and learn best from visual displays including: diagrams, illustrated text books, overhead transparencies, videos, flipcharts and hand-outs. During a lecture or classroom discussion, visual learners often prefer to take detailed notes to absorb the information.  //learn through listening ... //       They learn best through verbal lectures, discussions, talking things through and listening to what others have to say. Auditory learners interpret the underlying meanings of speech through listening to tone of voice, pitch, speed and other nuances. Written information may have little meaning until it is heard. These learners often benefit from reading text aloud and using a tape recorder. Tactile/ // l earn through, moving, doing and touching... //         Tactile/Kinesthetic persons learn best through a hands-on approach, actively exploring the physical world around them. They may find it hard to sit still for long periods and may become distracted by their need for activity and exploration. []

